May 2025 Breaking Barriers: Lightness’ Journey as a Female Sanitation Worker in Arusha Dr. Richard Kimwaga, Dr. Tim Ndezi, and Hezron Magambo,
Lightness Loi, a member of the Arusha Depot Group (ADG) and a pioneer in manual pit emptying
May 2025 Breaking Barriers: Lightness’ Journey as a Female Sanitation Worker in Arusha Dr. Richard Kimwaga, Dr. Tim Ndezi, and Hezron Magambo,
In Arusha, Tanzania, where sanitation work is dominated by men, one woman is rewriting the rules. From sweeping streets to mastering the tough, technical work of manual pit emptying, Lightness Loi has broken through gender norms to become a voice for equity, safety, and dignity in sanitation. Despite ill-fitting PPE and social stigma, her resilience and the support of the Arusha Depot Group have propelled her to the frontlines of change.
In the bustling city of Arusha, Tanzania, sanitation work has long been seen as a male-dominated field, yet one woman has defied societal expectations to become a pioneer in manual pit emptying. Lightness Loi, a determined and hardworking member of the Arusha Depot Group (ADG), has not only carved out a space for herself in the sanitation sector but has also become an advocate for gender inclusion in sanitation work.
Overcoming Barriers to Enter the Field
Lightness’s journey into sanitation work was not an easy one. Growing up, she faced societal expectations that confined women to specific roles, often limiting their opportunities in physically demanding jobs like sanitation work. However, an opportunity arose when Allan Rushokana, a sanitation coordinator in Arusha city, encouraged her to join the sanitation workforce. Initially hired as a street cleaner, she soon developed a strong interest in manual pit emptying—a job traditionally reserved for men.
Her decision to pursue manual emptying was met with skepticism and resistance, both from the community and her male colleagues, who doubted whether a woman could handle the demanding labor. However, Lightness’s perseverance, combined with her determination to prove her capability, won her a place in the team.
Despite the physical demands of the job, she quickly adapted, thanks to the support of her male colleagues, who taught her the technical aspects of pit emptying, safety measures, and efficient service delivery. This mentorship played a crucial role in her transition, allowing her to gain confidence and proficiency in her work.
Gender Challenges in Sanitation Work
While Lightness has made great strides, she continues to face challenges unique to women in the sanitation sector. Some of these include:
- Ill-fitting PPE: Most Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) such as gloves, boots, and protective suits are designed for men, making it difficult for women like Lightness to work comfortably. Poorly fitting gear can reduce mobility and increase workplace hazards.
- Social Stigma: Despite her skills and experience, Lightness still faces negative perceptions from community members, some of whom view sanitation work as unsuitable for women.
However, formalization of the Arusha Depot Group (ADG) under the Arusha City Council has helped enhance recognition of sanitation workers, improving visibility both at the municipal and community levels. Lightness and her colleagues now have a stronger voice in advocating for their rights and improving work conditions.
Recognizing the Role of Sanitation Workers and Organizations
Sanitation workers like Lightness play a crucial role in maintaining urban public health, yet their contributions often go unnoticed. Through sanitation worker organizations (SWOs) such as ADG and advocacy networks, sanitation workers are pushing for:
- Better working conditions
- Access to financial services and training
- Increased recognition and fair wages
By supporting sanitation workers and recognizing their invaluable contributions, we take a step forward in ensuring a cleaner, healthier, and more inclusive future for all.
Lightness’ Vision for the Future
As one of the few women in manual sanitation work, Lightness hopes to see more women enter the field, challenge stereotypes, and gain equal opportunities. She envisions a future where sanitation work is recognized as a dignified profession, where women and men have equal pay, better protection, and access to professional training.
Her story is not just about breaking gender barriers but about resilience, determination, and the power of advocacy in transforming sanitation work into a respected and equitable profession.
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The blog is written the sanitation workers research group from the Department of Water Resources Engineering & Centre for Community Initiatives in Tanzania, led by Dr. Richard Kimwaga, Dr. Tim Ndezi, and Hezron Magambo.
Acknowledging the Contribution of Sanitation Workers (SWs) and Sanitation Worker Organizations
Sanitation workers play a vital role in maintaining urban hygiene and public health, yet their contributions are often overlooked. Sanitation Worker Organizations such as the Arusha Depot Group (ADG) and broader sanitation networks have been instrumental in advocating for better working conditions, financial security, and social protection for sanitation workers.